FPS Editorial: The INEBC Conundrum: Navigating Somalia’s Path to Electoral Reform — November, 2024.
Introduction
The establishment of the Independent National Electoral & Boundaries Commission (INEBC) by the Somali Federal Parliament today (173 MPs vs 0 votes) is a pivotal moment in the nation’s journey towards democratic governance. However, this development has not been without its controversies and challenges, which could undermine the very stability and progress it aims to foster.
Overview of Recent Events
Parliamentary Decision:
In a move that could shape Somalia’s electoral future, the Federal Parliament has today (November 16, 2024) passed legislation to form the constitutional Independent National Electoral & Boundaries Commission INEBC. This was intended to be a milestone in transitioning to direct, one-person-one-vote elections.
FMSs Pushback:
Kismayo Presser:
Four days prior to the bill’s passage, significant opposition was voiced by 35 parliamentarians from Jubaland during a press conference in Kismayo, who criticized the process as being orchestrated by Villa Somalia.
Puntland’s Stand:
Similarly, three days ago, 25 MPs from Puntland issued a statement criticizing the prevailing parliamentary procedures as “sham proceedings” and demanding President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud to reconsider the electoral reform process, reflecting deep regional concerns.
National Oppositional Critique:
Notable opposition figures within the parliament, including former President Sharif Ahmed and Abdurahman Abdishakur have, as soon as the bill sailed the parliament, publicly denounced the legislation, warning of escalating political turmoil if a consensus isn’t reached.
Challenges and Implications
Widespread Distrust:
The establishment of the INEBC, rather than unifying the nation, has highlighted existing widespread distrust and could potentially deepen the divide between the federal government and its member states.
Electoral Integrity:
The commission’s legitimacy is at stake with such significant regional and political opposition, which might affect the credibility of any future elections.
Political Fragmentation:
The discord over the INEBC could lead to further political fragmentation, with regions like Jubaland and Puntland seeking more autonomy or even considering secessionist movements.
Security Risks:
A fragmented political landscape might weaken the national front against security threats like Al Shabaab, possibly leading to increased instability.
Looking Ahead
Consensus Building:
The immediate need is for an inclusive dialogue where all federal member states have a voice in shaping the electoral framework. This should involve not only political leaders but also civil society to ensure a broad-based agreement.
International Engagement:
There is a pressing need for international actors, who have a vested interest in Somalia’s stability, to engage constructively. This could involve mediation to bring all parties to the negotiation table.
Public Trust:
Efforts should be made to inform and involve the Somali public, ensuring that the reforms are seen as a step towards democracy rather than an elite power play.
Conclusion
The INEBC’s establishment is a testament to Somalia’s ongoing commitment to democratic processes, yet it also serves as a reminder of the delicate balance required in a federal system. The path to stable governance requires not just legal frameworks but also the genuine cooperation and trust of all components of the Somali state. The coming months will be crucial in determining whether Somalia can navigate these waters towards a more unified electoral future or if these reforms will become another chapter in the country’s history of political strife.
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